A forklift should be inspected well and given a test run prior to buying it. This applies particularly to trucks being bought online. It is vital to find potential issues with trucks purchased from businesses on line.
Starting the engine from cold is a good idea. Note whether there is too much smoke and the ease with which the engine turns over. This is especially crucial with IC engine trucks.
The test run should include an inspection of the truck's performance in challenging situations. An operator who is trained can drive the truck in reverse and forward, up the ramp.
You could carry out your own inspection of an IC engine truck. On a clear part of floor, run the truck around for a few minutes while a qualified operator tests the hydraulic functions. Afterward, examine the ground underneath for signs of fluid leakage. Even seemingly minor leaking could indicate serious issues which will be costly to fix later on.
The chains and masts must be checked by a qualified person. Check with and without a load that the mast operates well. Watch for 'binding' or sticking of the mast. A warning indication is play in the mast channels or between the mast and fork carriage. One more is creeping forward or creeping down of the mast when loaded. These can be signs of issues with ram, valve or seals.
If the truck is used, the mast might have been changed at some time. Make sure that the mast and any fitted attachments adhere to the rating plate on a truck. Check that the sideshift is not sticking when loaded.
Looking closely at the thickness of the heel for damage or wear must be included in the inspection. The manufacturer of the truck specifies minimum thickness. A loose fit could mean the carriage or hanger points are worn. Look for cracks on the arms at heels and mountings.